Devices for deflecting fluid jets



- May 28, 1957 M; KADOSCH ETAL DEVICES FOR DEF'LECTING FLUID ms FiledApril 18, .1951

(amprcssed ll'r [am Dressed United States Patent DEVICES FOR DEFLECTINGFLUID JETS Marcel Kadosch, Paris, Fraugois G. Paris, Chaville, JeanBertin, Neuilly-sur-Seine, and Raymond H. Marchal, Paris, France,assignors to Societe Nationale dEtude et de Construction de MoteursdAviation, Paris, France, a company of France Application April 18,1951, Serial No. 221,551

Claims priority, application France April 28, 1950 Claims. (Cl. 60-3554)An object of this invention is to provide an improved jet deflectingdevice to be used in connection with a nozzle designed for forming anaxially-issuing jet.

A further object of this invention is to provide a jet deflecting devicehaving no movable physical member protruding into the jet.

A still further object of this invention is to provide a jet deflectingdevice having a controllable, progressive action on the jet,irrespective of the flow conditions of the latter.

Another object of the invention is to provide a controllable jetdeflecting device to be used in connection with a nozzle of circularcross-section, whereby the jet flowing axially through this nozzle isradially deflected about the axis of the nozzle.

These and other objects of the invention will become apparent during thecourse of the following description illustrated by the accompanyingdrawings in which:

Figures 1 and 2 are end views of two embodiments according to theinvention;

Figures 3 and 4 are axial sections along the lines III-III and IV-IV ofFigures 1 and 2, respectively;

Figures 5 and 6 illustrate another embodiment, Figure 5 being an axialsection along the line V-V of Figure 6 which. is an end view.

The principle on which the invention is based is as follows:

A nozzle is designed for forming a jet issuing therefrom along an axialdirection indicated by the arrow N (see Fig. 3).

Deflection of this jet from the normal flow direction N is achievedthrough a twofold action:

(a) Deflection is initiated by intercepting some of the streamlines ofthe jet, the jet being urged away from the intercepting means, and

(b) The slightly deflected jet is taken up by laterally extending flowguiding means located outside but adjacent the normal flow path of thejet, which means leads the jet angularly away from the axis of thenozzle to a predetermined extent.

This flow guiding means may be a simple convex extension of a wall ofthe nozzle, preferably a curved surface substantially tangent to thiswall. Such a convex extension used in connection with jet deflection isdescribed in our Patent No. 2,702,986, issued March 1, 1955.

This application also describes flow intercepting means for initiatingdeflection, which means comprises a solid or fluid obstacle in the pathof the axially flowing jet.

The present invention relates to an improved jet deflecting device ofthe kind set forth above, operating with a fluid obstacle for initiatingthe deflection, this fluid obstacle being in the form of an auxiliaryjet issuing into the main jet to be deflected, at a substantial angletherewith. This auxiliary jet is supplied with fluid under pressureproviding from an external source, valve means being provided forcontrolling the supply of pressure fluid.

Figures 1 and 3 show a converging nozzle ABAB of rectangularcross-section, the opposite walls AB and A'B of which are produced byconvex extensions BC and BC', respectively. An auxiliary slot-likenozzle 7 is formed through the wall AB', in the neck zone of the mainnozzle. This auxiliary nozzle 7 is connected, through a valve, with asource of compressed air and is so designed as to form an auxiliary airjet generally crosswise of the main flow.

A deflection towards the wall AB, extended by a convex wall BC, isobserved. This deflection continuously and progressively varies when thesupply of compressed air to the nozzle 7 is varied by means of the valveV.

The required output and pressure of compressed air are extremely low;the ratio of the main flow to the secondary flow can reach and evenmore; the deflection obtained without any other means is important andmay reach and more. Finally, this. deflection device produces verylittle eddying within the main flow, because the throttling eflect ismuch less important, this being of interest in certain applications.

In the same manner, it is possible to deflect a jet flowing through atube of revolution ABA'B, by means of an annular compressed air jet 8producing deflection either outwards as illustrated in Figures 2 and 4or inwards, as illustrated in Figures 5 and 6. In the last-mentionedcase, the jet to be deflected flows through the annular interval 9.

What we claim is:

1. In a nozzle designed for forming a jet flowing in a general axialdirection with respect thereto when said nozzle is supplied with fluid,the combination of flow guiding means extending laterally of saidaxially-flowing jet and providing an exhaust curved path for said fluidso as to form a secondary jet at a substantial angle with the axis ofsaid nozzle, auxiliary nozzle means, transversely spaced from said flowguiding means and opening into said axial'ly-flowing jet in a generalcrosswise direction with respect thereto, for forming an auxiliary jetgenerally across'said axially-flowing jet, whereby said axially-flowingjet is urged towards said flow guiding means, a source of pressure fluidexternal to said nozzle, piping means between said source and saidauxiliary nozzle means for supplying the latter means with pressurefluid, and means for controlling the flow of pressure fluid through saidpiping means.

2. In. a nozzle designed for forming a jet flowing in a general axialdirection with respect thereto when said nozzle is supplied with fluid,the combination of flow guiding means extending laterally of saidaxially-flowing jet and providing an exhaust curved path for said fluidso as to form a secondary jet at a substantial angle with the axis ofsaid nozzle, auxiliary nozzle means, transversely spaced from said flowguiding means and opening into said axially-flowing jet in a generalcrosswise direction with respect thereto, for forming an auxiliary jetgenerally across said axially-flowing jet, whereby said axiallyflowingjet is urged towards said flow guiding means, an external source of airunder pressure, piping means between said source and said auxiliarynozzle means for supplying the latter means with air under pressure, andmeans for controlling the flow of air through said piping means.

3. The combination of claim 2, wherein the auxiliary nozzle meanscomprises a generally circular slot-like passage extending in a planesubstantially perpendicular to the axis of the nozzle, said circularslot-like passage being adapted to form a generally annular auxiliaryjet across the axially-flowing jet.

4. The combination of claim 3, wherein the slot-like passage is locatedon a body of general revolution shape substantially coaxial with thenozzle and disposed within,

9 the axially-flowing jet, said passage opening radially outpassage islocated on a body of general revolution shape substantially coaxial withthe nozzle and Idisposed about the axially-flowing jet, said passageopening radially inwards to form an annular auxiliary jet exerting acentrifugal action on the axially-flowing jet.

UNITED STATES PATENTS Turner Mar. 10, Button etral. Aug. 19, Price Nov.8, Goddard Dec. 20, Imbert Dec. 9,

